I plan to have a full report for everyone here, but for now here is a brief moment of good news.
I've got the meter back together. Gel pen provided the new reset button spring. Got plain steel rod from the hobby shop. SS was too hard to find, and very expensive from the big industrial suppliers. Might be able to get it as RC car or plane parts... but when in a rush you do what you can.
Rather than peen the rods over at the end, I just cut them long. The trip intermediate gear shaft is held captive by the trip meter housing, so it can't fall out. I cut the intermediate gear holder/reset finger thingy (I'LL HAVE PICTURES!) shaft at 3 inches and the trip meter number wheel shaft at about 3 1/2 inches. Once installed in the meter housing, those shafts can't slip out at that length because they would hit the walls of the housing... and no hammers got anywhere near my sensitive instrument. I gently rounded the ends of the shafts on the bench grinder.
I used 5/32 (3.9mm) e clips to shim the odometer spacer wheel. Everything moves freely, but the gears can no longer disengage. I like the pinning idea, but this way I didn't have to remove the thing and do delicate drilling.
My $2700 HP paperweight (3 year lifespan laptop... but that belongs in "rants and raves") provided me with the properly threaded metric screws. They're silver philips with a sort of flat topped pan head... Only an airhead would notice, and it's kind of fun leaving a subtle change like that.
Vinegar was safe to clean the gauge face with. You get a small inconspicuous area to test cleaners around the hole for the speedo needle shaft.
Bench tested the speedo with a cordless drill on a fresh battery. Corded would work, but not a drill press since the speedo cable rotates counter-clockwise. Seems to be pretty darn close 1.05 miles at 62.5mph for one minute. Almost seems better than the cautionary stock calibration I've heard about.
Now if I can just remember which rubber seal goes where on the glass and bezel I can have this thing stuck back together tomorrow morning...