I tell ya, I've been in England, Germany, Switzerland, Austria, the Netherlands, and Italy; and the place
with the scariest drivers I found was in the northern part of Italy ! The worst riders/drivers seemed to be the
teenagers on their scooters, as they couldn't be insured to ride/drive anything more powerful at the time until
over 18, I think.
It has been a few years since I took my first motorcycle licensing test, I think it was around 1980 and
we had a 20 question written exam that you weren't allowed to get more than 4 incorrect answers on to
get your learners permit. The permit was good for 6 months, and you had to take a skills/riding test
in a parking lot with an instructor watching to get your permit stamped to get an official riding license.
In some states I've lived in over the years (Massachusetts is one) required one to retake the written exams
for both auto and motorcycle licenses in order to get resident licenses in that state. I think this is a good idea,
as the state vehicle laws do vary and it encourages one to get the booklet on the laws to read to pass the exams.
Haven't had to retake a riding test yet.