I use an old Garmin GPSMap 76CS gps device. Based on the capabilites of that device, here are some of my thoughts:
Altitude - the Garmin shows altitude.
Barometer - the Garmin tracks and shows that
Route - the Garmin show routing in two different ways. It will show you a route to your destination. It will also track your route as you travel.
Speed - shown on the GPS.
Proximity - to what? It will show that to you destination or your next turn. You can also search for food, fuel, lodging and other services near your present location.
Other thoughts:
Lean angle - not particularly useful for me.
acceleration / deceleration - could be potentially useful on a track day. Back when I was into sports cars, I had a g-meter that measured g (gravity) forces that was usefull for graphically depicting acceleration, deceleration and lateral forces when running on a closed course. When you knew how to read it, you could reduce your time on the course. Could be potentially useful with a motorcycle.
Depending on the device, real time diagostics might interesting, such as battery/electical levels and usage, vacuum gauge if carborated (fuel economy), oil temp, water temp in degrees (if water cooled), tire pressure (if bike is not equiped with that already), ambient air temperature (if not already equipped), and weather forecasts (use a lot on my cell phone when touring).
Since I tour mostly alone, I had thought of getting a satelite positioning and rescue dispatching device (Spot, or Delorme) in case of a mishap in areas where there is no cell phone coverage. Never got around to getting one, but it would be nice to have.
As an interesting aside, my new bike (BMW K1300S) is equipped with an ambient air temperature sensor and readout. It also has a warning indicator on the instrument display that comes on if you are in a temperature range where black ice could exist or form. When I got the bike, I thought that was a waste as I would not ride when it was that cold. Wouldn't you know, I was on a tour and ran into cold weather in the mountains and the warning flashed on the dash - 34 degrees F. A minute later, I was running into hail and snow. Although no black ice, the warning did case me to take it easy just before I ran into the nasty precipitation.
k_enn